城市化进程中高层小区信号深度覆盖分析

本文对目前高层小区美化天线覆盖方案进行了理论分析和研究，发现原覆盖方案存在盲区，然后对原方案中的不足进行了补充，提出了高层小区深度覆盖的改善方案。     

A Low‐Cost Method to Evaluate Absorber Reflectivity Using an Antenna with a Small Radiating Aperture and Frequency‐Domain Instrument

We propose a way to measure the absorber reflectivity at a low cost. Only one simple antenna with a small radiating aperture and a frequency‐domain instrument are utilized. The previously used equation for calculating the reflectivity of an absorber is inaccurate, and, therefore, a new equation is derived based on multiple reflection analysis and three test models. Notably, the reflection coefficient of the antenna is included in the derived equation. The accuracy of the proposed method is proven through simulation and measurements. It can be easily applied to a product examination by absorber manufacturers and customers owing to its advantages of simplicity, cost effectiveness, and non‐cutting examination.     

A beam steering antenna for X-band high power applications

There is a considerable interest in the antennas which have high power handling capacity with beam steering functionality. The design of narrow side waveguide slot-array antenna for high power applications is introduced in this paper. An approach to achieve a uniform radiation slot waveguide antenna is presented. The large scale array antenna can be composed of such antenna cells. Moreover, it is possible to realize beam steering in the azimuth direction by adjusting the broad wall dimension of the waveguide. Besides, this slot waveguide antenna is expected to have high power handling capacity in vacuum environment, because there is no dielectric or electric field enhancement inside the antenna.     

Computationally feasible narrow‐band antenna modeling using response features

Accurate and low‐cost models of input characteristics are of primary importance from the point of view of efficient design of antenna structures. Yet, the modeling problem is difficult because reflection responses are highly nonlinear functions of frequency and change considerably when adjusting antenna dimensions. Conventional approximation‐based models require massive datasets and often fail to provide required accuracy. This work demonstrates a possibility of dramatic reduction of the number of training samples, which is achieved by reformulating the modeling problem in a space of appropriately defined response features. The key factor is that dependence of feature point coordinates (both frequency and level) on antenna dimensions is less nonlinear than for the standard responses (S‐parameters vs. frequency). Our methodology permits construction of reliable surrogates using much smaller datasets than those required by conventional approaches. Experimental validation indicates that our models provide accuracy that is sufficient for practical antenna design.     

Numerical and experimental characterization of antenna positioning in a dual-radio mesh router

This paper investigates the influence of the position of the antennas in a dual-radio mesh router by characterizing the router components from an electromagnetic point of view. Since the behavior of a wireless router equipped with multiple devices and antennas can be affected by mutual coupling among several close conducting bodies, numerical and experimental tests are carried out to provide some suggestions for an accurate positioning of the antennas. A reference configuration is implemented in an electromagnetic Computer-Aided Design (CAD) simulator. The most significant numerical results are validated by performing a campaign of measurements in anechoic chamber and deploying a testbed for the derivation of the experimental values of throughput, return loss, power density, and directivity.     

Performance analysis of multi‐antenna relay communication systems with MRC

The performance of multi‐antenna relay communication systems is investigated in this letter. The source broadcasts the signal to all the relays and the destination. Decode‐and‐forward scheme is adopted at the relays, and the destination employs maximum ratio combining (MRC) technique to maximize the received signal‐to‐noise ratio. Closed‐form expressions of outage probability are derived in the MRC case and minimum routes MRC case. An adaptive grouping algorithm of relay antennas is also presented under the constraint of total antenna number. Simulation results show that the analytical curves agree with the simulated ones very well, and the performance of the proposed grouping algorithm is very close to the upper bound mentioned in other papers. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Wideband Fabry-Perot cavity antenna

In order to improve the radiation bandwidth of the Fabry-Perot Cavity (FPC) antenna, a new approach has been proposed, namely employing a tapered corrugation structure on the ground plane. To verify the proposed method, a wideband high-gain FPC antenna is designed. By introducing the corrugation structure, the height of the cavity can be gradually reduced. In this way, the phase of the radiation field can be compensated, which leads to a well-distributed radiation aperture. Therefore, the 3dB gain bandwidth can be enhanced. This structure is calculated by the CST Microwave Studio. The results validate the proposed approach, which helps 3dB gain bandwidth improvement from 17％ to 24％. Moreover, the 10dB impedance bandwidth and the maximum realized gain remain unchanged, that is, 35.7％ and 14.7dBi, respectively. This design can be widely used in many applications, such as wireless communication, due to its relatively wide bandwidth.     

Thermal analysis and optimization of the EAST ICRH antenna

The ion cyclotron resonance of frequency heating(ICRH) plays an important role in plasma heating.Two ICRH antennas were designed and applied on the EAST tokamak.In order to meet the requirement imposed by high-power and long-pulse operation of EAST in the future,an active cooling system is mandatory to be designed to remove the heat load deposited on the components.Thermal analyses for high heat-load components have been carried out,which presented clear temperature distribution on each component and provided the reference data to do the optimization.Meanwhile,heat pipes were designed to satisfy the high requirement imposed by a Faraday shield and lateral limiter.     

New antenna design approach – 3D polymer printing and metallization. experimental test at 14–18 GHz

This paper proves a new approach for rapid prototyping of radio antennas through 3D printing and chemical metallization. For this purpose, a standard metal pyramidal horn prototype is compared with its 3D printed replica. Three different 3D polymer printers are tested. The printed samples are assessed nondestructively by an X-ray Industrial Computed Tomography (CT) scanner, and then metalized via chemical deposition and chemical-electrochemical deposition. Copper with two different layer thicknesses and nickel materials are deployed and verified as a metallization opportunity. Again the CT scanner, X-ray fluorescent analysis and nanoindentation technique were used to perform the metallization quality estimation. As a result, a qualitative polymer prototype was produced having weight of 13 g – ten times lighter than the original. The prototype was successfully metalized and was able to be soldered. The radio-measurement comparison with the metal original for frequencies 14–18 GHz showed no significant differences. Finally, a simple dynamometric test confirmed the bonding between the metal and the polymer. To the best of our knowledge this is the first known comprehensive analysis of the possibility to print 3D lightweight wideband polymer antenna prototypes with a stable chemical metallization and radio properties very close to the original at 14–18 GHz.     

Structural design of spars for 100-m biplane wind turbine blades

Large wind turbine blades are being developed at lengths of 75–100 m, in order to improve energy capture and reduce the cost of wind energy. Bending loads in the inboard region of the blade make large blade development challenging. The “biplane blade” design was proposed to use a biplane inboard region to improve the design of the inboard region and improve overall performance of large blades. This paper focuses on the design of the internal “biplane spar” structure for 100-m biplane blades. Several spars were designed to approximate the Sandia SNL100-00 blade (“monoplane spar”) and the biplane blade (“biplane spar”). Analytical and computational models are developed to analyze these spars. The analytical model used the method of minimum total potential energy; the computational model used beam finite elements with cross-sectional analysis. Simple load cases were applied to each spar and their deflections, bending moments, axial forces, and stresses were compared. Similar performance trends are identified with both the analytical and computational models. An approximate buckling analysis shows that compressive loads in the inboard biplane region do not exceed buckling loads. A parametric analysis shows biplane spar configurations have 25–35% smaller tip deflections and 75% smaller maximum root bending moments than monoplane spars of the same length and mass per unit span. Root bending moments in the biplane spar are largely relieved by axial forces in the biplane region, which are not significant in the monoplane spar. The benefits for the inboard region could lead to weight reductions in wind turbine blades. Innovations that create lighter blades can make large blades a reality, suggesting that the biplane blade may be an attractive design for large (100-m) blades.